COMMUNICATIVE TOOLS FOR COUNTERING MISINFORMATION

Abstract

In the modern world, where information circulates at an unprecedented speed due to digital technologies, the issue of misinformation has gained particular significance. Misinformation, often referred to as disinformation or fake news, poses a threat to public trust, stability, and security. It affects the perception of reality, manipulates public opinion, and can provoke social or political crises. The article explores the essence of communicative tools used to counter this phenomenon, their purpose, tasks, and effectiveness in the digital era. Misinformation is characterized by deliberate distortion of facts, rapid dissemination through mass channels, emotional intensity that amplifies its impact, and broad audience reach. Key tools to combat it include fact-checking, enhancing media literacy, ensuring source transparency, collaborating with technological platforms, and conducting informational and educational campaigns. The primary goal of these tools is to protect the information space from manipulation and ensure citizens’ access to reliable data. In Ukraine, the problem of misinformation is particularly acute due to ongoing hybrid warfare, economic difficulties, and insufficient levels of critical thinking among the population. At the same time, digital technologies such as data analysis algorithms or artificial intelligence offer new opportunities to combat fakes. However, they are accompanied by risks related to ethical concerns and potential restrictions on freedom of speech.

Therefore, combating disinformation is a complex task that requires a comprehensive approach and coordinated efforts at different levels. Communication tools such as fact-checking, media literacy, source transparency, cooperation with technology platforms, and educational campaigns can protect society from manipulation if applied systematically and consistently.